{"note": {"noteId": 14, "projectId": 13, "author": "0xbf9fe7767f57780b106756fcd22dfe53394eb81c", "authorName": "Flare Reef watcher", "authorHandle": "", "authorVerified": false, "authorShort": "0xbf9f...b81c", "source": "watch", "status": "", "alsoReports": 0, "separateFrom": 0, "kind": 3, "kindLabel": "context", "inReplyTo": 0, "fingerprint": "0x465ae3ad9bf61d93a2a893a5eba7ca3ac90d757419120c63bd668dafabe301c6", "content": "{\"commitUrl\":\"https://github.com/lexifina/united-states-law/commit/fef00ce69bf81bd042fbfd225834301956eccba0\",\"enacted\":\"2022-12-29\",\"inForce\":\"2022-12-29\",\"kind\":\"law-change\",\"law\":{\"congress\":117,\"id\":\"117-328\",\"name\":\"Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2023\",\"number\":328},\"receipts\":[{\"checkedAt\":\"2026-10-30T17:36:39Z\",\"label\":\"Official text\",\"page\":\"https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/PLAW-117publ328\",\"status\":200,\"url\":\"https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-117publ328/uslm/PLAW-117publ328.xml\"},{\"label\":\"The commit\",\"url\":\"https://github.com/lexifina/united-states-law/commit/fef00ce69bf81bd042fbfd225834301956eccba0\"},{\"label\":\"Lexifina's page\",\"url\":\"https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/laws/117-328\"}],\"recordedAt\":\"2026-10-30T17:36:39Z\",\"repo\":\"lexifina/united-states-law\",\"sections\":[{\"action\":\"Amended\",\"cite\":\"3 U.S.C. \u00a71\",\"instruction\":\"div. P, title I, \u00a7102(a)\",\"readerUrl\":\"https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-1-1\",\"text\":\"Rewrote section 1 of title 3 to appoint electors of President and Vice President on election day under State laws enacted before election day.\"},{\"action\":\"Removed\",\"cite\":\"3 U.S.C. \u00a72\",\"instruction\":\"div. P, title I, \u00a7102(a)\",\"readerUrl\":\"https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-2-1\",\"text\":\"Struck section 2 of title 3 and replaced it with section 1 requiring electors to be appointed on election day under State laws enacted before election day.\"},{\"action\":\"Amended\",\"cite\":\"3 U.S.C. \u00a74\",\"instruction\":\"div. P, title I, \u00a7103\",\"readerUrl\":\"https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-4-1\",\"text\":\"Inserted \u201cenacted prior to election day\u201d after \u201cby law\u201d in section 4 of title 3.\"},{\"action\":\"Rewritten\",\"cite\":\"3 U.S.C. \u00a75\",\"instruction\":\"div. P, title I, \u00a7104(a)\",\"readerUrl\":\"https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-5-1\",\"text\":\"Rewrote section 5 of title 3 to require State certificates of ascertainment, set certificate contents, and direct transmission to the Archivist and electors.\"},{\"action\":\"Amended\",\"cite\":\"3 U.S.C. \u00a75, heading\",\"instruction\":\"div. P, title I, \u00a7104(a)\",\"readerUrl\":\"https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-5-h1\",\"text\":\"Rewrote section 5 of title 3 as \\\"Certificate of ascertainment of appointment of electors\\\" and set the rules for issuing and formulating the certificate.\"},{\"action\":\"Rewritten\",\"cite\":\"3 U.S.C. \u00a76\",\"instruction\":\"div. P, title I, \u00a7105(a)\",\"readerUrl\":\"https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-6-1\",\"text\":\"Rewrote section 6 of title 3 to require the Archivist to preserve certificates for one year, treat them as public records, and open them to public inspection.\"},{\"action\":\"Amended\",\"cite\":\"3 U.S.C. \u00a76, heading\",\"instruction\":\"div. P, title I, \u00a7105(a)\",\"readerUrl\":\"https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-6-h1\",\"text\":\"Rewrote section 6 of title 3 to require the Archivist to preserve certificates of ascertainment for one year, keep them as public records, and open them to public inspection.\"},{\"action\":\"Amended\",\"cite\":\"3 U.S.C. \u00a77\",\"instruction\":\"div. P, title I, \u00a7106(a)(1)\",\"readerUrl\":\"https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-7-1\",\"text\":\"Replaced \u201cMonday\u201d with \u201cTuesday\u201d in section 7 of title 3.\"},{\"action\":\"Amended\",\"cite\":\"3 U.S.C. \u00a77\",\"instruction\":\"div. P, title I, \u00a7106(a)(2)\",\"readerUrl\":\"https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-7-2\",\"text\":\"Replaced \u201cas the legislature of such State shall direct\u201d with \u201cin accordance with the laws of the State enacted prior to election day\u201d in section 7 of title 3.\"},{\"action\":\"Amended\",\"cite\":\"3 U.S.C. \u00a79\",\"instruction\":\"div. P, title I, \u00a7104(c)(1)\",\"readerUrl\":\"https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-9-1\",\"text\":\"Replaced the required annexed elector list with a certificate of ascertainment of appointment of electors in section 9 of title 3.\"},{\"action\":\"Amended\",\"cite\":\"3 U.S.C. \u00a710\",\"instruction\":\"div. P, title I, \u00a7106(b)\",\"readerUrl\":\"https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-10-1\",\"text\":\"Replaced \u201cthe certificates so made by them\u201d with the certificates of votes and annexed certificates of ascertainment of appointment of electors in section 10 of title 3.\"},{\"action\":\"Rewritten\",\"cite\":\"3 U.S.C. \u00a711\",\"instruction\":\"div. P, title I, \u00a7107(a)\",\"readerUrl\":\"https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-11-1\",\"text\":\"Rewrote section 11 of title 3 to require electors to immediately transmit certificates of votes and annexed certificates of ascertainment of appointment of electors by the most expeditious method available, and to send specified sets to the President of the Senate, chief election officer, Archivist, and district judge.\"},{\"action\":\"Amended\",\"cite\":\"3 U.S.C. \u00a711, heading\",\"instruction\":\"div. P, title I, \u00a7107(a)\",\"readerUrl\":\"https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-11-h1\",\"text\":\"Rewrote section 11 of title 3 to require electors to transmit certificates of votes and certificates of ascertainment at the same time by the most expeditious method available.\"},{\"action\":\"Amended\",\"cite\":\"3 U.S.C. \u00a712\",\"instruction\":\"div. P, title I, \u00a7108(a)(1)\",\"readerUrl\":\"https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-12-1\",\"text\":\"Inserted \u201c, after the meeting of the electors shall have been held,\u201d after \u201cWhen\u201d in section 12 of title 3.\"},{\"action\":\"Amended\",\"cite\":\"3 U.S.C. \u00a712\",\"instruction\":\"div. P, title I, \u00a7108(a)(2)\",\"readerUrl\":\"https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-12-2\",\"text\":\"Struck \u201cand list\u201d each place it appears in section 12 of title 3.\"},{\"action\":\"Amended\",\"cite\":\"3 U.S.C. \u00a712\",\"instruction\":\"div. P, title I, \u00a7108(a)(3)\",\"readerUrl\":\"https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-12-3\",\"text\":\"Struck \u201cin December, after the meeting of the electors shall have been held,\u201d and inserted \u201cin December,\u201d in section 12 of title 3.\"},{\"action\":\"Amended\",\"cite\":\"3 U.S.C. \u00a712\",\"instruction\":\"div. P, title I, \u00a7108(a)(4)\",\"readerUrl\":\"https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-12-4\",\"text\":\"Inserted \u201cthe President of the Senate be absent\u201d in section 12 of title 3.\"},{\"action\":\"Amended\",\"cite\":\"3 U.S.C. \u00a712\",\"instruction\":\"div. P, title I, \u00a7108(a)(5)\",\"readerUrl\":\"https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-12-5\",\"text\":\"Struck \u201csecretary of state\u201d and inserted \u201cchief election officer\u201d in section 12 of title 3.\"},{\"action\":\"Amended\",\"cite\":\"3 U.S.C. \u00a712\",\"instruction\":\"div. P, title I, \u00a7108(a)(6)\",\"readerUrl\":\"https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-12-6\",\"text\":\"Struck \u201clodged with him\u201d and inserted \u201clodged with such officer\u201d in section 12 of title 3.\"},{\"action\":\"Amended\",\"cite\":\"3 U.S.C. \u00a712\",\"instruction\":\"div. P, title I, \u00a7108(a)(7)\",\"readerUrl\":\"https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-12-7\",\"text\":\"Struck \u201chis duty\u201d and inserted \u201cthe duty of such chief election officer of the State\u201d in section 12 of title 3.\"},{\"action\":\"Amended\",\"cite\":\"3 U.S.C. \u00a712\",\"instruction\":\"div. P, title I, \u00a7108(a)(8)\",\"readerUrl\":\"https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-12-8\",\"text\":\"Replaced \u201cby registered mail\u201d with \u201cby the most expeditious method available\u201d in section 12 of title 3.\"},{\"action\":\"Amended\",\"cite\":\"3 U.S.C. \u00a713\",\"instruction\":\"div. P, title I, \u00a7108(b)(1)\",\"readerUrl\":\"https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-13-1\",\"text\":\"Inserted \u201c, after the meeting of the electors shall have been held,\u201d after \u201cWhen\u201d in section 13 of title 3.\"},{\"action\":\"Amended\",\"cite\":\"3 U.S.C. \u00a713\",\"instruction\":\"div. P, title I, \u00a7108(b)(2)\",\"readerUrl\":\"https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-13-2\",\"text\":\"Struck \u201cin December, after the meeting of the electors shall have been held,\u201d and inserted \u201cin December,\u201d in section 13 of title 3.\"},{\"action\":\"Amended\",\"cite\":\"3 U.S.C. \u00a713\",\"instruction\":\"div. P, title I, \u00a7108(b)(3)\",\"readerUrl\":\"https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-13-3\",\"text\":\"Replaced \u201cor, if he be absent\u201d with \u201cor, if the President of the Senate be absent\u201d in section 13 of title 3.\"},{\"action\":\"Amended\",\"cite\":\"3 U.S.C. \u00a713\",\"instruction\":\"div. P, title I, \u00a7108(b)(4)\",\"readerUrl\":\"https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-13-4\",\"text\":\"Replaced \u201cthat list\u201d with \u201cthat certificate\u201d in section 13 of title 3.\"},{\"action\":\"Removed\",\"cite\":\"3 U.S.C. \u00a714\",\"instruction\":\"div. P, title I, \u00a7108(c)(1)\",\"readerUrl\":\"https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-14-1\",\"text\":\"Struck section 14 of title 3.\"},{\"action\":\"Rewritten\",\"cite\":\"3 U.S.C. \u00a715\",\"instruction\":\"div. P, title I, \u00a7109(a)\",\"readerUrl\":\"https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-15-1\",\"text\":\"Rewrote section 15 of title 3 to add subsections on the President of the Senate\u2019s ministerial role and denied powers, teller appointments, and joint-session procedures.\"},{\"action\":\"Amended\",\"cite\":\"3 U.S.C. \u00a716\",\"instruction\":\"div. P, title I, \u00a7110(c)(1)\",\"readerUrl\":\"https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-16-1\",\"text\":\"Replaced \u201cmeeting\u201d with \u201csession\u201d each place it appears in section 16 of title 3, including the heading.\"},{\"action\":\"Amended\",\"cite\":\"3 U.S.C. \u00a716, heading\",\"instruction\":\"div. P, title I, \u00a7110(c)(1)\",\"readerUrl\":\"https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-16-h1\",\"text\":\"Replaced \\\"meeting\\\" with \\\"session\\\" in section 16 of title 3, including the heading.\"},{\"action\":\"Rewritten\",\"cite\":\"3 U.S.C. \u00a717\",\"instruction\":\"div. P, title I, \u00a7110(a)\",\"readerUrl\":\"https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-17-1\",\"text\":\"Rewrote section 17 of title 3 to limit debate on objections tied to section 15(d)(2)(C)(i), set five-minute speeches and a two-hour total per House, and require votes on each objection and question.\"},{\"action\":\"Amended\",\"cite\":\"3 U.S.C. \u00a718\",\"instruction\":\"div. P, title I, \u00a7110(b)\",\"readerUrl\":\"https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-18-1\",\"text\":\"Inserted \\\"under section 15(d)(2)(C)(i)\\\" after \\\"motion to withdraw\\\" in section 18 of title 3.\"},{\"action\":\"Amended\",\"cite\":\"3 U.S.C. \u00a718\",\"instruction\":\"div. P, title I, \u00a7110(c)(2)\",\"readerUrl\":\"https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-18-2\",\"text\":\"Struck \\\"meeting\\\" and inserted \\\"session\\\" each place it appears in section 18 of title 3, including the heading.\"},{\"action\":\"Amended\",\"cite\":\"3 U.S.C. \u00a718, heading\",\"instruction\":\"div. P, title I, \u00a7110(c)(2)\",\"readerUrl\":\"https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-18-h1\",\"text\":\"Replaced \\\"meeting\\\" with \\\"session\\\" in section 18 of title 3, including the heading.\"},{\"action\":\"Renumbered\",\"cite\":\"3 U.S.C. \u00a721\",\"instruction\":\"div. P, title I, \u00a7102(b)\",\"readerUrl\":\"https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-21-1\",\"text\":\"Redesignated subsections (a) and (b) as paragraphs (2) and (3) in section 21 of title 3 and inserted paragraph (1) defining \\\"election day\\\".\"},{\"action\":\"Rewritten\",\"cite\":\"3 U.S.C. \u00a721\",\"instruction\":\"div. P, title I, \u00a7104(b)\",\"readerUrl\":\"https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-21-2\",\"text\":\"Replaced paragraph (3) in section 21 of title 3 with a definition of \\\"executive\\\" for each State.\"},{\"action\":\"Added\",\"cite\":\"3 U.S.C. \u00a722\",\"instruction\":\"div. P, title I, \u00a7111(a)\",\"readerUrl\":\"https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-22-1\",\"text\":\"Added section 22 of title 3 and provided that invalidation of one provision does not affect the rest of the chapter.\"},{\"action\":\"Amended\",\"cite\":\"35 U.S.C. \u00a741(h)(1)\",\"instruction\":\"div. W, \u00a7107(a)(1)\",\"readerUrl\":\"https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-35/changes/2022-117-328-41-1\",\"text\":\"Raised the fee reduction from 50 percent to 60 percent in section 41(h)(1) of title 35.\"},{\"action\":\"Amended\",\"cite\":\"35 U.S.C. \u00a741(h)(3)\",\"instruction\":\"div. W, \u00a7107(a)(2)\",\"readerUrl\":\"https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-35/changes/2022-117-328-41-2\",\"text\":\"Raised the electronic filing fee reduction from 75 percent to 80 percent in section 41(h)(3) of title 35.\"},{\"action\":\"Amended\",\"cite\":\"35 U.S.C. \u00a741\",\"instruction\":\"div. W, \u00a7107(b)(1)\",\"readerUrl\":\"https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-35/changes/2022-117-328-41-3\",\"text\":\"Added section 41(j) of title 35, requiring a fine of at least 3 times the unpaid amount for falsely asserting entitlement to a fee reduction under this section.\"},{\"action\":\"Amended\",\"cite\":\"35 U.S.C. \u00a7123\",\"instruction\":\"div. W, \u00a7107(b)(2)\",\"readerUrl\":\"https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-35/changes/2022-117-328-123-1\",\"text\":\"Added section 123(f) of title 35, requiring a fine of at least 3 times the unpaid amount for falsely making a certification under this section.\"}],\"sha\":\"fef00ce69bf81bd042fbfd225834301956eccba0\",\"sourceId\":\"us-federal-usc\",\"text\":\"Public Law 117-328, the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2023, took effect on December 29, 2022. It changed 40 parts of the United States Code.\\nTitle 3, Section 1: amended. Rewrote section 1 of title 3 to appoint electors of President and Vice President on election day under State laws enacted before election day.\\nTitle 3, Section 2: removed. Struck section 2 of title 3 and replaced it with section 1 requiring electors to be appointed on election day under State laws enacted before election day.\\nTitle 3, Section 4: amended. Inserted \u201cenacted prior to election day\u201d after \u201cby law\u201d in section 4 of title 3.\\nTitle 3, Section 5: rewritten. Rewrote section 5 of title 3 to require State certificates of ascertainment, set certificate contents, and direct transmission to the Archivist and electors.\\nTitle 3, Section 5, heading: amended. Rewrote section 5 of title 3 as \\\"Certificate of ascertainment of appointment of electors\\\" and set the rules for issuing and formulating the certificate.\\nTitle 3, Section 6: rewritten. Rewrote section 6 of title 3 to require the Archivist to preserve certificates for one year, treat them as public records, and open them to public inspection.\\nTitle 3, Section 6, heading: amended. Rewrote section 6 of title 3 to require the Archivist to preserve certificates of ascertainment for one year, keep them as public records, and open them to public inspection.\\nTitle 3, Section 7: amended. Replaced \u201cMonday\u201d with \u201cTuesday\u201d in section 7 of title 3.\\nTitle 3, Section 7: amended. Replaced \u201cas the legislature of such State shall direct\u201d with \u201cin accordance with the laws of the State enacted prior to election day\u201d in section 7 of title 3.\\nTitle 3, Section 9: amended. Replaced the required annexed elector list with a certificate of ascertainment of appointment of electors in section 9 of title 3.\\nTitle 3, Section 10: amended. Replaced \u201cthe certificates so made by them\u201d with the certificates of votes and annexed certificates of ascertainment of appointment of electors in section 10 of title 3.\\nTitle 3, Section 11: rewritten. Rewrote section 11 of title 3 to require electors to immediately transmit certificates of votes and annexed certificates of ascertainment of appointment of electors by the most expeditious method available, and to send specified sets to the President of the Senate, chief election officer, Archivist, and district judge.\\nTitle 3, Section 11, heading: amended. Rewrote section 11 of title 3 to require electors to transmit certificates of votes and certificates of ascertainment at the same time by the most expeditious method available.\\nTitle 3, Section 12: amended. Inserted \u201c, after the meeting of the electors shall have been held,\u201d after \u201cWhen\u201d in section 12 of title 3.\\nTitle 3, Section 12: amended. Struck \u201cand list\u201d each place it appears in section 12 of title 3.\\nTitle 3, Section 12: amended. Struck \u201cin December, after the meeting of the electors shall have been held,\u201d and inserted \u201cin December,\u201d in section 12 of title 3.\\nTitle 3, Section 12: amended. Inserted \u201cthe President of the Senate be absent\u201d in section 12 of title 3.\\nTitle 3, Section 12: amended. Struck \u201csecretary of state\u201d and inserted \u201cchief election officer\u201d in section 12 of title 3.\\nTitle 3, Section 12: amended. Struck \u201clodged with him\u201d and inserted \u201clodged with such officer\u201d in section 12 of title 3.\\nTitle 3, Section 12: amended. Struck \u201chis duty\u201d and inserted \u201cthe duty of such chief election officer of the State\u201d in section 12 of title 3.\\nTitle 3, Section 12: amended. Replaced \u201cby registered mail\u201d with \u201cby the most expeditious method available\u201d in section 12 of title 3.\\nTitle 3, Section 13: amended. Inserted \u201c, after the meeting of the electors shall have been held,\u201d after \u201cWhen\u201d in section 13 of title 3.\\nTitle 3, Section 13: amended. Struck \u201cin December, after the meeting of the electors shall have been held,\u201d and inserted \u201cin December,\u201d in section 13 of title 3.\\nTitle 3, Section 13: amended. Replaced \u201cor, if he be absent\u201d with \u201cor, if the President of the Senate be absent\u201d in section 13 of title 3.\\nTitle 3, Section 13: amended. Replaced \u201cthat list\u201d with \u201cthat certificate\u201d in section 13 of title 3.\\nTitle 3, Section 14: removed. Struck section 14 of title 3.\\nTitle 3, Section 15: rewritten. Rewrote section 15 of title 3 to add subsections on the President of the Senate\u2019s ministerial role and denied powers, teller appointments, and joint-session procedures.\\nTitle 3, Section 16: amended. Replaced \u201cmeeting\u201d with \u201csession\u201d each place it appears in section 16 of title 3, including the heading.\\nTitle 3, Section 16, heading: amended. Replaced \\\"meeting\\\" with \\\"session\\\" in section 16 of title 3, including the heading.\\nTitle 3, Section 17: rewritten. Rewrote section 17 of title 3 to limit debate on objections tied to section 15(d)(2)(C)(i), set five-minute speeches and a two-hour total per House, and require votes on each objection and question.\\nTitle 3, Section 18: amended. Inserted \\\"under section 15(d)(2)(C)(i)\\\" after \\\"motion to withdraw\\\" in section 18 of title 3.\\nTitle 3, Section 18: amended. Struck \\\"meeting\\\" and inserted \\\"session\\\" each place it appears in section 18 of title 3, including the heading.\\nTitle 3, Section 18, heading: amended. Replaced \\\"meeting\\\" with \\\"session\\\" in section 18 of title 3, including the heading.\\nTitle 3, Section 21: renumbered. Redesignated subsections (a) and (b) as paragraphs (2) and (3) in section 21 of title 3 and inserted paragraph (1) defining \\\"election day\\\".\\nTitle 3, Section 21: rewritten. Replaced paragraph (3) in section 21 of title 3 with a definition of \\\"executive\\\" for each State.\\nTitle 3, Section 22: added. Added section 22 of title 3 and provided that invalidation of one provision does not affect the rest of the chapter.\\nTitle 35, Section 41(h)(1): amended. Raised the fee reduction from 50 percent to 60 percent in section 41(h)(1) of title 35.\\nTitle 35, Section 41(h)(3): amended. Raised the electronic filing fee reduction from 75 percent to 80 percent in section 41(h)(3) of title 35.\\nTitle 35, Section 41: amended. Added section 41(j) of title 35, requiring a fine of at least 3 times the unpaid amount for falsely asserting entitlement to a fee reduction under this section.\\nTitle 35, Section 123: amended. Added section 123(f) of title 35, requiring a fine of at least 3 times the unpaid amount for falsely making a certification under this section.\",\"v\":2,\"whyThatDate\":\"Neither the law nor the publisher's notes give another date, so it took effect when the law was enacted. Enacted December 29, 2022. First printed in the 2022 edition.\"}", "structured": null, "uri": "https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/PLAW-117publ328", "txHash": "0xea051b5f1c78f3a5aebfbad5f5f2fc96a6552764c6dda05a50b535b14f054d72", "receiptUrl": "https://flare-explorer.flare.network/tx/0xea051b5f1c78f3a5aebfbad5f5f2fc96a6552764c6dda05a50b535b14f054d72", "blockNumber": 73348727, "voice": null, "voiceReceipt": null, "amendmentReason": null, "amendmentFingerprint": null, "retractedReason": null, "authorTier": 1, "factors": [], "withheld": null, "checkResults": [], "parsed": {"commitUrl": "https://github.com/lexifina/united-states-law/commit/fef00ce69bf81bd042fbfd225834301956eccba0", "enacted": "2022-12-29", "inForce": "2022-12-29", "kind": "law-change", "law": {"congress": 117, "id": "117-328", "name": "Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2023", "number": 328}, "receipts": [{"checkedAt": "2026-10-30T17:36:39Z", "label": "Official text", "page": "https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/PLAW-117publ328", "status": 200, "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-117publ328/uslm/PLAW-117publ328.xml"}, {"label": "The commit", "url": "https://github.com/lexifina/united-states-law/commit/fef00ce69bf81bd042fbfd225834301956eccba0"}, {"label": "Lexifina's page", "url": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/laws/117-328"}], "recordedAt": "2026-10-30T17:36:39Z", "repo": "lexifina/united-states-law", "sections": [{"action": "Amended", "cite": "3 U.S.C. \u00a71", "instruction": "div. P, title I, \u00a7102(a)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-1-1", "text": "Rewrote section 1 of title 3 to appoint electors of President and Vice President on election day under State laws enacted before election day."}, {"action": "Removed", "cite": "3 U.S.C. \u00a72", "instruction": "div. P, title I, \u00a7102(a)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-2-1", "text": "Struck section 2 of title 3 and replaced it with section 1 requiring electors to be appointed on election day under State laws enacted before election day."}, {"action": "Amended", "cite": "3 U.S.C. \u00a74", "instruction": "div. P, title I, \u00a7103", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-4-1", "text": "Inserted \u201cenacted prior to election day\u201d after \u201cby law\u201d in section 4 of title 3."}, {"action": "Rewritten", "cite": "3 U.S.C. \u00a75", "instruction": "div. P, title I, \u00a7104(a)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-5-1", "text": "Rewrote section 5 of title 3 to require State certificates of ascertainment, set certificate contents, and direct transmission to the Archivist and electors."}, {"action": "Amended", "cite": "3 U.S.C. \u00a75, heading", "instruction": "div. P, title I, \u00a7104(a)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-5-h1", "text": "Rewrote section 5 of title 3 as \"Certificate of ascertainment of appointment of electors\" and set the rules for issuing and formulating the certificate."}, {"action": "Rewritten", "cite": "3 U.S.C. \u00a76", "instruction": "div. P, title I, \u00a7105(a)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-6-1", "text": "Rewrote section 6 of title 3 to require the Archivist to preserve certificates for one year, treat them as public records, and open them to public inspection."}, {"action": "Amended", "cite": "3 U.S.C. \u00a76, heading", "instruction": "div. P, title I, \u00a7105(a)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-6-h1", "text": "Rewrote section 6 of title 3 to require the Archivist to preserve certificates of ascertainment for one year, keep them as public records, and open them to public inspection."}, {"action": "Amended", "cite": "3 U.S.C. \u00a77", "instruction": "div. P, title I, \u00a7106(a)(1)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-7-1", "text": "Replaced \u201cMonday\u201d with \u201cTuesday\u201d in section 7 of title 3."}, {"action": "Amended", "cite": "3 U.S.C. \u00a77", "instruction": "div. P, title I, \u00a7106(a)(2)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-7-2", "text": "Replaced \u201cas the legislature of such State shall direct\u201d with \u201cin accordance with the laws of the State enacted prior to election day\u201d in section 7 of title 3."}, {"action": "Amended", "cite": "3 U.S.C. \u00a79", "instruction": "div. P, title I, \u00a7104(c)(1)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-9-1", "text": "Replaced the required annexed elector list with a certificate of ascertainment of appointment of electors in section 9 of title 3."}, {"action": "Amended", "cite": "3 U.S.C. \u00a710", "instruction": "div. P, title I, \u00a7106(b)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-10-1", "text": "Replaced \u201cthe certificates so made by them\u201d with the certificates of votes and annexed certificates of ascertainment of appointment of electors in section 10 of title 3."}, {"action": "Rewritten", "cite": "3 U.S.C. \u00a711", "instruction": "div. P, title I, \u00a7107(a)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-11-1", "text": "Rewrote section 11 of title 3 to require electors to immediately transmit certificates of votes and annexed certificates of ascertainment of appointment of electors by the most expeditious method available, and to send specified sets to the President of the Senate, chief election officer, Archivist, and district judge."}, {"action": "Amended", "cite": "3 U.S.C. \u00a711, heading", "instruction": "div. P, title I, \u00a7107(a)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-11-h1", "text": "Rewrote section 11 of title 3 to require electors to transmit certificates of votes and certificates of ascertainment at the same time by the most expeditious method available."}, {"action": "Amended", "cite": "3 U.S.C. \u00a712", "instruction": "div. P, title I, \u00a7108(a)(1)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-12-1", "text": "Inserted \u201c, after the meeting of the electors shall have been held,\u201d after \u201cWhen\u201d in section 12 of title 3."}, {"action": "Amended", "cite": "3 U.S.C. \u00a712", "instruction": "div. P, title I, \u00a7108(a)(2)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-12-2", "text": "Struck \u201cand list\u201d each place it appears in section 12 of title 3."}, {"action": "Amended", "cite": "3 U.S.C. \u00a712", "instruction": "div. P, title I, \u00a7108(a)(3)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-12-3", "text": "Struck \u201cin December, after the meeting of the electors shall have been held,\u201d and inserted \u201cin December,\u201d in section 12 of title 3."}, {"action": "Amended", "cite": "3 U.S.C. \u00a712", "instruction": "div. P, title I, \u00a7108(a)(4)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-12-4", "text": "Inserted \u201cthe President of the Senate be absent\u201d in section 12 of title 3."}, {"action": "Amended", "cite": "3 U.S.C. \u00a712", "instruction": "div. P, title I, \u00a7108(a)(5)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-12-5", "text": "Struck \u201csecretary of state\u201d and inserted \u201cchief election officer\u201d in section 12 of title 3."}, {"action": "Amended", "cite": "3 U.S.C. \u00a712", "instruction": "div. P, title I, \u00a7108(a)(6)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-12-6", "text": "Struck \u201clodged with him\u201d and inserted \u201clodged with such officer\u201d in section 12 of title 3."}, {"action": "Amended", "cite": "3 U.S.C. \u00a712", "instruction": "div. P, title I, \u00a7108(a)(7)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-12-7", "text": "Struck \u201chis duty\u201d and inserted \u201cthe duty of such chief election officer of the State\u201d in section 12 of title 3."}, {"action": "Amended", "cite": "3 U.S.C. \u00a712", "instruction": "div. P, title I, \u00a7108(a)(8)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-12-8", "text": "Replaced \u201cby registered mail\u201d with \u201cby the most expeditious method available\u201d in section 12 of title 3."}, {"action": "Amended", "cite": "3 U.S.C. \u00a713", "instruction": "div. P, title I, \u00a7108(b)(1)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-13-1", "text": "Inserted \u201c, after the meeting of the electors shall have been held,\u201d after \u201cWhen\u201d in section 13 of title 3."}, {"action": "Amended", "cite": "3 U.S.C. \u00a713", "instruction": "div. P, title I, \u00a7108(b)(2)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-13-2", "text": "Struck \u201cin December, after the meeting of the electors shall have been held,\u201d and inserted \u201cin December,\u201d in section 13 of title 3."}, {"action": "Amended", "cite": "3 U.S.C. \u00a713", "instruction": "div. P, title I, \u00a7108(b)(3)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-13-3", "text": "Replaced \u201cor, if he be absent\u201d with \u201cor, if the President of the Senate be absent\u201d in section 13 of title 3."}, {"action": "Amended", "cite": "3 U.S.C. \u00a713", "instruction": "div. P, title I, \u00a7108(b)(4)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-13-4", "text": "Replaced \u201cthat list\u201d with \u201cthat certificate\u201d in section 13 of title 3."}, {"action": "Removed", "cite": "3 U.S.C. \u00a714", "instruction": "div. P, title I, \u00a7108(c)(1)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-14-1", "text": "Struck section 14 of title 3."}, {"action": "Rewritten", "cite": "3 U.S.C. \u00a715", "instruction": "div. P, title I, \u00a7109(a)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-15-1", "text": "Rewrote section 15 of title 3 to add subsections on the President of the Senate\u2019s ministerial role and denied powers, teller appointments, and joint-session procedures."}, {"action": "Amended", "cite": "3 U.S.C. \u00a716", "instruction": "div. P, title I, \u00a7110(c)(1)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-16-1", "text": "Replaced \u201cmeeting\u201d with \u201csession\u201d each place it appears in section 16 of title 3, including the heading."}, {"action": "Amended", "cite": "3 U.S.C. \u00a716, heading", "instruction": "div. P, title I, \u00a7110(c)(1)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-16-h1", "text": "Replaced \"meeting\" with \"session\" in section 16 of title 3, including the heading."}, {"action": "Rewritten", "cite": "3 U.S.C. \u00a717", "instruction": "div. P, title I, \u00a7110(a)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-17-1", "text": "Rewrote section 17 of title 3 to limit debate on objections tied to section 15(d)(2)(C)(i), set five-minute speeches and a two-hour total per House, and require votes on each objection and question."}, {"action": "Amended", "cite": "3 U.S.C. \u00a718", "instruction": "div. P, title I, \u00a7110(b)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-18-1", "text": "Inserted \"under section 15(d)(2)(C)(i)\" after \"motion to withdraw\" in section 18 of title 3."}, {"action": "Amended", "cite": "3 U.S.C. \u00a718", "instruction": "div. P, title I, \u00a7110(c)(2)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-18-2", "text": "Struck \"meeting\" and inserted \"session\" each place it appears in section 18 of title 3, including the heading."}, {"action": "Amended", "cite": "3 U.S.C. \u00a718, heading", "instruction": "div. P, title I, \u00a7110(c)(2)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-18-h1", "text": "Replaced \"meeting\" with \"session\" in section 18 of title 3, including the heading."}, {"action": "Renumbered", "cite": "3 U.S.C. \u00a721", "instruction": "div. P, title I, \u00a7102(b)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-21-1", "text": "Redesignated subsections (a) and (b) as paragraphs (2) and (3) in section 21 of title 3 and inserted paragraph (1) defining \"election day\"."}, {"action": "Rewritten", "cite": "3 U.S.C. \u00a721", "instruction": "div. P, title I, \u00a7104(b)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-21-2", "text": "Replaced paragraph (3) in section 21 of title 3 with a definition of \"executive\" for each State."}, {"action": "Added", "cite": "3 U.S.C. \u00a722", "instruction": "div. P, title I, \u00a7111(a)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-22-1", "text": "Added section 22 of title 3 and provided that invalidation of one provision does not affect the rest of the chapter."}, {"action": "Amended", "cite": "35 U.S.C. \u00a741(h)(1)", "instruction": "div. W, \u00a7107(a)(1)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-35/changes/2022-117-328-41-1", "text": "Raised the fee reduction from 50 percent to 60 percent in section 41(h)(1) of title 35."}, {"action": "Amended", "cite": "35 U.S.C. \u00a741(h)(3)", "instruction": "div. W, \u00a7107(a)(2)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-35/changes/2022-117-328-41-2", "text": "Raised the electronic filing fee reduction from 75 percent to 80 percent in section 41(h)(3) of title 35."}, {"action": "Amended", "cite": "35 U.S.C. \u00a741", "instruction": "div. W, \u00a7107(b)(1)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-35/changes/2022-117-328-41-3", "text": "Added section 41(j) of title 35, requiring a fine of at least 3 times the unpaid amount for falsely asserting entitlement to a fee reduction under this section."}, {"action": "Amended", "cite": "35 U.S.C. \u00a7123", "instruction": "div. W, \u00a7107(b)(2)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-35/changes/2022-117-328-123-1", "text": "Added section 123(f) of title 35, requiring a fine of at least 3 times the unpaid amount for falsely making a certification under this section."}], "sha": "fef00ce69bf81bd042fbfd225834301956eccba0", "sourceId": "us-federal-usc", "text": "Public Law 117-328, the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2023, took effect on December 29, 2022. It changed 40 parts of the United States Code.\nTitle 3, Section 1: amended. Rewrote section 1 of title 3 to appoint electors of President and Vice President on election day under State laws enacted before election day.\nTitle 3, Section 2: removed. Struck section 2 of title 3 and replaced it with section 1 requiring electors to be appointed on election day under State laws enacted before election day.\nTitle 3, Section 4: amended. Inserted \u201cenacted prior to election day\u201d after \u201cby law\u201d in section 4 of title 3.\nTitle 3, Section 5: rewritten. Rewrote section 5 of title 3 to require State certificates of ascertainment, set certificate contents, and direct transmission to the Archivist and electors.\nTitle 3, Section 5, heading: amended. Rewrote section 5 of title 3 as \"Certificate of ascertainment of appointment of electors\" and set the rules for issuing and formulating the certificate.\nTitle 3, Section 6: rewritten. Rewrote section 6 of title 3 to require the Archivist to preserve certificates for one year, treat them as public records, and open them to public inspection.\nTitle 3, Section 6, heading: amended. Rewrote section 6 of title 3 to require the Archivist to preserve certificates of ascertainment for one year, keep them as public records, and open them to public inspection.\nTitle 3, Section 7: amended. Replaced \u201cMonday\u201d with \u201cTuesday\u201d in section 7 of title 3.\nTitle 3, Section 7: amended. Replaced \u201cas the legislature of such State shall direct\u201d with \u201cin accordance with the laws of the State enacted prior to election day\u201d in section 7 of title 3.\nTitle 3, Section 9: amended. Replaced the required annexed elector list with a certificate of ascertainment of appointment of electors in section 9 of title 3.\nTitle 3, Section 10: amended. Replaced \u201cthe certificates so made by them\u201d with the certificates of votes and annexed certificates of ascertainment of appointment of electors in section 10 of title 3.\nTitle 3, Section 11: rewritten. Rewrote section 11 of title 3 to require electors to immediately transmit certificates of votes and annexed certificates of ascertainment of appointment of electors by the most expeditious method available, and to send specified sets to the President of the Senate, chief election officer, Archivist, and district judge.\nTitle 3, Section 11, heading: amended. Rewrote section 11 of title 3 to require electors to transmit certificates of votes and certificates of ascertainment at the same time by the most expeditious method available.\nTitle 3, Section 12: amended. Inserted \u201c, after the meeting of the electors shall have been held,\u201d after \u201cWhen\u201d in section 12 of title 3.\nTitle 3, Section 12: amended. Struck \u201cand list\u201d each place it appears in section 12 of title 3.\nTitle 3, Section 12: amended. Struck \u201cin December, after the meeting of the electors shall have been held,\u201d and inserted \u201cin December,\u201d in section 12 of title 3.\nTitle 3, Section 12: amended. Inserted \u201cthe President of the Senate be absent\u201d in section 12 of title 3.\nTitle 3, Section 12: amended. Struck \u201csecretary of state\u201d and inserted \u201cchief election officer\u201d in section 12 of title 3.\nTitle 3, Section 12: amended. Struck \u201clodged with him\u201d and inserted \u201clodged with such officer\u201d in section 12 of title 3.\nTitle 3, Section 12: amended. Struck \u201chis duty\u201d and inserted \u201cthe duty of such chief election officer of the State\u201d in section 12 of title 3.\nTitle 3, Section 12: amended. Replaced \u201cby registered mail\u201d with \u201cby the most expeditious method available\u201d in section 12 of title 3.\nTitle 3, Section 13: amended. Inserted \u201c, after the meeting of the electors shall have been held,\u201d after \u201cWhen\u201d in section 13 of title 3.\nTitle 3, Section 13: amended. Struck \u201cin December, after the meeting of the electors shall have been held,\u201d and inserted \u201cin December,\u201d in section 13 of title 3.\nTitle 3, Section 13: amended. Replaced \u201cor, if he be absent\u201d with \u201cor, if the President of the Senate be absent\u201d in section 13 of title 3.\nTitle 3, Section 13: amended. Replaced \u201cthat list\u201d with \u201cthat certificate\u201d in section 13 of title 3.\nTitle 3, Section 14: removed. Struck section 14 of title 3.\nTitle 3, Section 15: rewritten. Rewrote section 15 of title 3 to add subsections on the President of the Senate\u2019s ministerial role and denied powers, teller appointments, and joint-session procedures.\nTitle 3, Section 16: amended. Replaced \u201cmeeting\u201d with \u201csession\u201d each place it appears in section 16 of title 3, including the heading.\nTitle 3, Section 16, heading: amended. Replaced \"meeting\" with \"session\" in section 16 of title 3, including the heading.\nTitle 3, Section 17: rewritten. Rewrote section 17 of title 3 to limit debate on objections tied to section 15(d)(2)(C)(i), set five-minute speeches and a two-hour total per House, and require votes on each objection and question.\nTitle 3, Section 18: amended. Inserted \"under section 15(d)(2)(C)(i)\" after \"motion to withdraw\" in section 18 of title 3.\nTitle 3, Section 18: amended. Struck \"meeting\" and inserted \"session\" each place it appears in section 18 of title 3, including the heading.\nTitle 3, Section 18, heading: amended. Replaced \"meeting\" with \"session\" in section 18 of title 3, including the heading.\nTitle 3, Section 21: renumbered. Redesignated subsections (a) and (b) as paragraphs (2) and (3) in section 21 of title 3 and inserted paragraph (1) defining \"election day\".\nTitle 3, Section 21: rewritten. Replaced paragraph (3) in section 21 of title 3 with a definition of \"executive\" for each State.\nTitle 3, Section 22: added. Added section 22 of title 3 and provided that invalidation of one provision does not affect the rest of the chapter.\nTitle 35, Section 41(h)(1): amended. Raised the fee reduction from 50 percent to 60 percent in section 41(h)(1) of title 35.\nTitle 35, Section 41(h)(3): amended. Raised the electronic filing fee reduction from 75 percent to 80 percent in section 41(h)(3) of title 35.\nTitle 35, Section 41: amended. Added section 41(j) of title 35, requiring a fine of at least 3 times the unpaid amount for falsely asserting entitlement to a fee reduction under this section.\nTitle 35, Section 123: amended. Added section 123(f) of title 35, requiring a fine of at least 3 times the unpaid amount for falsely making a certification under this section.", "v": 2, "whyThatDate": "Neither the law nor the publisher's notes give another date, so it took effect when the law was enacted. Enacted December 29, 2022. First printed in the 2022 edition."}}, "parsed": {"commitUrl": "https://github.com/lexifina/united-states-law/commit/fef00ce69bf81bd042fbfd225834301956eccba0", "enacted": "2022-12-29", "inForce": "2022-12-29", "kind": "law-change", "law": {"congress": 117, "id": "117-328", "name": "Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2023", "number": 328}, "receipts": [{"checkedAt": "2026-10-30T17:36:39Z", "label": "Official text", "page": "https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/PLAW-117publ328", "status": 200, "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-117publ328/uslm/PLAW-117publ328.xml"}, {"label": "The commit", "url": "https://github.com/lexifina/united-states-law/commit/fef00ce69bf81bd042fbfd225834301956eccba0"}, {"label": "Lexifina's page", "url": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/laws/117-328"}], "recordedAt": "2026-10-30T17:36:39Z", "repo": "lexifina/united-states-law", "sections": [{"action": "Amended", "cite": "3 U.S.C. \u00a71", "instruction": "div. P, title I, \u00a7102(a)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-1-1", "text": "Rewrote section 1 of title 3 to appoint electors of President and Vice President on election day under State laws enacted before election day."}, {"action": "Removed", "cite": "3 U.S.C. \u00a72", "instruction": "div. P, title I, \u00a7102(a)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-2-1", "text": "Struck section 2 of title 3 and replaced it with section 1 requiring electors to be appointed on election day under State laws enacted before election day."}, {"action": "Amended", "cite": "3 U.S.C. \u00a74", "instruction": "div. P, title I, \u00a7103", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-4-1", "text": "Inserted \u201cenacted prior to election day\u201d after \u201cby law\u201d in section 4 of title 3."}, {"action": "Rewritten", "cite": "3 U.S.C. \u00a75", "instruction": "div. P, title I, \u00a7104(a)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-5-1", "text": "Rewrote section 5 of title 3 to require State certificates of ascertainment, set certificate contents, and direct transmission to the Archivist and electors."}, {"action": "Amended", "cite": "3 U.S.C. \u00a75, heading", "instruction": "div. P, title I, \u00a7104(a)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-5-h1", "text": "Rewrote section 5 of title 3 as \"Certificate of ascertainment of appointment of electors\" and set the rules for issuing and formulating the certificate."}, {"action": "Rewritten", "cite": "3 U.S.C. \u00a76", "instruction": "div. P, title I, \u00a7105(a)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-6-1", "text": "Rewrote section 6 of title 3 to require the Archivist to preserve certificates for one year, treat them as public records, and open them to public inspection."}, {"action": "Amended", "cite": "3 U.S.C. \u00a76, heading", "instruction": "div. P, title I, \u00a7105(a)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-6-h1", "text": "Rewrote section 6 of title 3 to require the Archivist to preserve certificates of ascertainment for one year, keep them as public records, and open them to public inspection."}, {"action": "Amended", "cite": "3 U.S.C. \u00a77", "instruction": "div. P, title I, \u00a7106(a)(1)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-7-1", "text": "Replaced \u201cMonday\u201d with \u201cTuesday\u201d in section 7 of title 3."}, {"action": "Amended", "cite": "3 U.S.C. \u00a77", "instruction": "div. P, title I, \u00a7106(a)(2)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-7-2", "text": "Replaced \u201cas the legislature of such State shall direct\u201d with \u201cin accordance with the laws of the State enacted prior to election day\u201d in section 7 of title 3."}, {"action": "Amended", "cite": "3 U.S.C. \u00a79", "instruction": "div. P, title I, \u00a7104(c)(1)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-9-1", "text": "Replaced the required annexed elector list with a certificate of ascertainment of appointment of electors in section 9 of title 3."}, {"action": "Amended", "cite": "3 U.S.C. \u00a710", "instruction": "div. P, title I, \u00a7106(b)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-10-1", "text": "Replaced \u201cthe certificates so made by them\u201d with the certificates of votes and annexed certificates of ascertainment of appointment of electors in section 10 of title 3."}, {"action": "Rewritten", "cite": "3 U.S.C. \u00a711", "instruction": "div. P, title I, \u00a7107(a)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-11-1", "text": "Rewrote section 11 of title 3 to require electors to immediately transmit certificates of votes and annexed certificates of ascertainment of appointment of electors by the most expeditious method available, and to send specified sets to the President of the Senate, chief election officer, Archivist, and district judge."}, {"action": "Amended", "cite": "3 U.S.C. \u00a711, heading", "instruction": "div. P, title I, \u00a7107(a)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-11-h1", "text": "Rewrote section 11 of title 3 to require electors to transmit certificates of votes and certificates of ascertainment at the same time by the most expeditious method available."}, {"action": "Amended", "cite": "3 U.S.C. \u00a712", "instruction": "div. P, title I, \u00a7108(a)(1)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-12-1", "text": "Inserted \u201c, after the meeting of the electors shall have been held,\u201d after \u201cWhen\u201d in section 12 of title 3."}, {"action": "Amended", "cite": "3 U.S.C. \u00a712", "instruction": "div. P, title I, \u00a7108(a)(2)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-12-2", "text": "Struck \u201cand list\u201d each place it appears in section 12 of title 3."}, {"action": "Amended", "cite": "3 U.S.C. \u00a712", "instruction": "div. P, title I, \u00a7108(a)(3)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-12-3", "text": "Struck \u201cin December, after the meeting of the electors shall have been held,\u201d and inserted \u201cin December,\u201d in section 12 of title 3."}, {"action": "Amended", "cite": "3 U.S.C. \u00a712", "instruction": "div. P, title I, \u00a7108(a)(4)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-12-4", "text": "Inserted \u201cthe President of the Senate be absent\u201d in section 12 of title 3."}, {"action": "Amended", "cite": "3 U.S.C. \u00a712", "instruction": "div. P, title I, \u00a7108(a)(5)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-12-5", "text": "Struck \u201csecretary of state\u201d and inserted \u201cchief election officer\u201d in section 12 of title 3."}, {"action": "Amended", "cite": "3 U.S.C. \u00a712", "instruction": "div. P, title I, \u00a7108(a)(6)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-12-6", "text": "Struck \u201clodged with him\u201d and inserted \u201clodged with such officer\u201d in section 12 of title 3."}, {"action": "Amended", "cite": "3 U.S.C. \u00a712", "instruction": "div. P, title I, \u00a7108(a)(7)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-12-7", "text": "Struck \u201chis duty\u201d and inserted \u201cthe duty of such chief election officer of the State\u201d in section 12 of title 3."}, {"action": "Amended", "cite": "3 U.S.C. \u00a712", "instruction": "div. P, title I, \u00a7108(a)(8)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-12-8", "text": "Replaced \u201cby registered mail\u201d with \u201cby the most expeditious method available\u201d in section 12 of title 3."}, {"action": "Amended", "cite": "3 U.S.C. \u00a713", "instruction": "div. P, title I, \u00a7108(b)(1)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-13-1", "text": "Inserted \u201c, after the meeting of the electors shall have been held,\u201d after \u201cWhen\u201d in section 13 of title 3."}, {"action": "Amended", "cite": "3 U.S.C. \u00a713", "instruction": "div. P, title I, \u00a7108(b)(2)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-13-2", "text": "Struck \u201cin December, after the meeting of the electors shall have been held,\u201d and inserted \u201cin December,\u201d in section 13 of title 3."}, {"action": "Amended", "cite": "3 U.S.C. \u00a713", "instruction": "div. P, title I, \u00a7108(b)(3)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-13-3", "text": "Replaced \u201cor, if he be absent\u201d with \u201cor, if the President of the Senate be absent\u201d in section 13 of title 3."}, {"action": "Amended", "cite": "3 U.S.C. \u00a713", "instruction": "div. P, title I, \u00a7108(b)(4)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-13-4", "text": "Replaced \u201cthat list\u201d with \u201cthat certificate\u201d in section 13 of title 3."}, {"action": "Removed", "cite": "3 U.S.C. \u00a714", "instruction": "div. P, title I, \u00a7108(c)(1)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-14-1", "text": "Struck section 14 of title 3."}, {"action": "Rewritten", "cite": "3 U.S.C. \u00a715", "instruction": "div. P, title I, \u00a7109(a)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-15-1", "text": "Rewrote section 15 of title 3 to add subsections on the President of the Senate\u2019s ministerial role and denied powers, teller appointments, and joint-session procedures."}, {"action": "Amended", "cite": "3 U.S.C. \u00a716", "instruction": "div. P, title I, \u00a7110(c)(1)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-16-1", "text": "Replaced \u201cmeeting\u201d with \u201csession\u201d each place it appears in section 16 of title 3, including the heading."}, {"action": "Amended", "cite": "3 U.S.C. \u00a716, heading", "instruction": "div. P, title I, \u00a7110(c)(1)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-16-h1", "text": "Replaced \"meeting\" with \"session\" in section 16 of title 3, including the heading."}, {"action": "Rewritten", "cite": "3 U.S.C. \u00a717", "instruction": "div. P, title I, \u00a7110(a)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-17-1", "text": "Rewrote section 17 of title 3 to limit debate on objections tied to section 15(d)(2)(C)(i), set five-minute speeches and a two-hour total per House, and require votes on each objection and question."}, {"action": "Amended", "cite": "3 U.S.C. \u00a718", "instruction": "div. P, title I, \u00a7110(b)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-18-1", "text": "Inserted \"under section 15(d)(2)(C)(i)\" after \"motion to withdraw\" in section 18 of title 3."}, {"action": "Amended", "cite": "3 U.S.C. \u00a718", "instruction": "div. P, title I, \u00a7110(c)(2)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-18-2", "text": "Struck \"meeting\" and inserted \"session\" each place it appears in section 18 of title 3, including the heading."}, {"action": "Amended", "cite": "3 U.S.C. \u00a718, heading", "instruction": "div. P, title I, \u00a7110(c)(2)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-18-h1", "text": "Replaced \"meeting\" with \"session\" in section 18 of title 3, including the heading."}, {"action": "Renumbered", "cite": "3 U.S.C. \u00a721", "instruction": "div. P, title I, \u00a7102(b)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-21-1", "text": "Redesignated subsections (a) and (b) as paragraphs (2) and (3) in section 21 of title 3 and inserted paragraph (1) defining \"election day\"."}, {"action": "Rewritten", "cite": "3 U.S.C. \u00a721", "instruction": "div. P, title I, \u00a7104(b)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-21-2", "text": "Replaced paragraph (3) in section 21 of title 3 with a definition of \"executive\" for each State."}, {"action": "Added", "cite": "3 U.S.C. \u00a722", "instruction": "div. P, title I, \u00a7111(a)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-3/changes/2022-117-328-22-1", "text": "Added section 22 of title 3 and provided that invalidation of one provision does not affect the rest of the chapter."}, {"action": "Amended", "cite": "35 U.S.C. \u00a741(h)(1)", "instruction": "div. W, \u00a7107(a)(1)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-35/changes/2022-117-328-41-1", "text": "Raised the fee reduction from 50 percent to 60 percent in section 41(h)(1) of title 35."}, {"action": "Amended", "cite": "35 U.S.C. \u00a741(h)(3)", "instruction": "div. W, \u00a7107(a)(2)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-35/changes/2022-117-328-41-2", "text": "Raised the electronic filing fee reduction from 75 percent to 80 percent in section 41(h)(3) of title 35."}, {"action": "Amended", "cite": "35 U.S.C. \u00a741", "instruction": "div. W, \u00a7107(b)(1)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-35/changes/2022-117-328-41-3", "text": "Added section 41(j) of title 35, requiring a fine of at least 3 times the unpaid amount for falsely asserting entitlement to a fee reduction under this section."}, {"action": "Amended", "cite": "35 U.S.C. \u00a7123", "instruction": "div. W, \u00a7107(b)(2)", "readerUrl": "https://lexifina.com/watch/us-code/title-35/changes/2022-117-328-123-1", "text": "Added section 123(f) of title 35, requiring a fine of at least 3 times the unpaid amount for falsely making a certification under this section."}], "sha": "fef00ce69bf81bd042fbfd225834301956eccba0", "sourceId": "us-federal-usc", "text": "Public Law 117-328, the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2023, took effect on December 29, 2022. It changed 40 parts of the United States Code.\nTitle 3, Section 1: amended. Rewrote section 1 of title 3 to appoint electors of President and Vice President on election day under State laws enacted before election day.\nTitle 3, Section 2: removed. Struck section 2 of title 3 and replaced it with section 1 requiring electors to be appointed on election day under State laws enacted before election day.\nTitle 3, Section 4: amended. Inserted \u201cenacted prior to election day\u201d after \u201cby law\u201d in section 4 of title 3.\nTitle 3, Section 5: rewritten. Rewrote section 5 of title 3 to require State certificates of ascertainment, set certificate contents, and direct transmission to the Archivist and electors.\nTitle 3, Section 5, heading: amended. Rewrote section 5 of title 3 as \"Certificate of ascertainment of appointment of electors\" and set the rules for issuing and formulating the certificate.\nTitle 3, Section 6: rewritten. Rewrote section 6 of title 3 to require the Archivist to preserve certificates for one year, treat them as public records, and open them to public inspection.\nTitle 3, Section 6, heading: amended. Rewrote section 6 of title 3 to require the Archivist to preserve certificates of ascertainment for one year, keep them as public records, and open them to public inspection.\nTitle 3, Section 7: amended. Replaced \u201cMonday\u201d with \u201cTuesday\u201d in section 7 of title 3.\nTitle 3, Section 7: amended. Replaced \u201cas the legislature of such State shall direct\u201d with \u201cin accordance with the laws of the State enacted prior to election day\u201d in section 7 of title 3.\nTitle 3, Section 9: amended. Replaced the required annexed elector list with a certificate of ascertainment of appointment of electors in section 9 of title 3.\nTitle 3, Section 10: amended. Replaced \u201cthe certificates so made by them\u201d with the certificates of votes and annexed certificates of ascertainment of appointment of electors in section 10 of title 3.\nTitle 3, Section 11: rewritten. Rewrote section 11 of title 3 to require electors to immediately transmit certificates of votes and annexed certificates of ascertainment of appointment of electors by the most expeditious method available, and to send specified sets to the President of the Senate, chief election officer, Archivist, and district judge.\nTitle 3, Section 11, heading: amended. Rewrote section 11 of title 3 to require electors to transmit certificates of votes and certificates of ascertainment at the same time by the most expeditious method available.\nTitle 3, Section 12: amended. Inserted \u201c, after the meeting of the electors shall have been held,\u201d after \u201cWhen\u201d in section 12 of title 3.\nTitle 3, Section 12: amended. Struck \u201cand list\u201d each place it appears in section 12 of title 3.\nTitle 3, Section 12: amended. Struck \u201cin December, after the meeting of the electors shall have been held,\u201d and inserted \u201cin December,\u201d in section 12 of title 3.\nTitle 3, Section 12: amended. Inserted \u201cthe President of the Senate be absent\u201d in section 12 of title 3.\nTitle 3, Section 12: amended. Struck \u201csecretary of state\u201d and inserted \u201cchief election officer\u201d in section 12 of title 3.\nTitle 3, Section 12: amended. Struck \u201clodged with him\u201d and inserted \u201clodged with such officer\u201d in section 12 of title 3.\nTitle 3, Section 12: amended. Struck \u201chis duty\u201d and inserted \u201cthe duty of such chief election officer of the State\u201d in section 12 of title 3.\nTitle 3, Section 12: amended. Replaced \u201cby registered mail\u201d with \u201cby the most expeditious method available\u201d in section 12 of title 3.\nTitle 3, Section 13: amended. Inserted \u201c, after the meeting of the electors shall have been held,\u201d after \u201cWhen\u201d in section 13 of title 3.\nTitle 3, Section 13: amended. Struck \u201cin December, after the meeting of the electors shall have been held,\u201d and inserted \u201cin December,\u201d in section 13 of title 3.\nTitle 3, Section 13: amended. Replaced \u201cor, if he be absent\u201d with \u201cor, if the President of the Senate be absent\u201d in section 13 of title 3.\nTitle 3, Section 13: amended. Replaced \u201cthat list\u201d with \u201cthat certificate\u201d in section 13 of title 3.\nTitle 3, Section 14: removed. Struck section 14 of title 3.\nTitle 3, Section 15: rewritten. Rewrote section 15 of title 3 to add subsections on the President of the Senate\u2019s ministerial role and denied powers, teller appointments, and joint-session procedures.\nTitle 3, Section 16: amended. Replaced \u201cmeeting\u201d with \u201csession\u201d each place it appears in section 16 of title 3, including the heading.\nTitle 3, Section 16, heading: amended. Replaced \"meeting\" with \"session\" in section 16 of title 3, including the heading.\nTitle 3, Section 17: rewritten. Rewrote section 17 of title 3 to limit debate on objections tied to section 15(d)(2)(C)(i), set five-minute speeches and a two-hour total per House, and require votes on each objection and question.\nTitle 3, Section 18: amended. Inserted \"under section 15(d)(2)(C)(i)\" after \"motion to withdraw\" in section 18 of title 3.\nTitle 3, Section 18: amended. Struck \"meeting\" and inserted \"session\" each place it appears in section 18 of title 3, including the heading.\nTitle 3, Section 18, heading: amended. Replaced \"meeting\" with \"session\" in section 18 of title 3, including the heading.\nTitle 3, Section 21: renumbered. Redesignated subsections (a) and (b) as paragraphs (2) and (3) in section 21 of title 3 and inserted paragraph (1) defining \"election day\".\nTitle 3, Section 21: rewritten. Replaced paragraph (3) in section 21 of title 3 with a definition of \"executive\" for each State.\nTitle 3, Section 22: added. Added section 22 of title 3 and provided that invalidation of one provision does not affect the rest of the chapter.\nTitle 35, Section 41(h)(1): amended. Raised the fee reduction from 50 percent to 60 percent in section 41(h)(1) of title 35.\nTitle 35, Section 41(h)(3): amended. Raised the electronic filing fee reduction from 75 percent to 80 percent in section 41(h)(3) of title 35.\nTitle 35, Section 41: amended. Added section 41(j) of title 35, requiring a fine of at least 3 times the unpaid amount for falsely asserting entitlement to a fee reduction under this section.\nTitle 35, Section 123: amended. Added section 123(f) of title 35, requiring a fine of at least 3 times the unpaid amount for falsely making a certification under this section.", "v": 2, "whyThatDate": "Neither the law nor the publisher's notes give another date, so it took effect when the law was enacted. Enacted December 29, 2022. First printed in the 2022 edition."}, "project": {"projectId": 13, "name": "United States Code", "kind": "law", "keeper": "lexifina", "jurisdiction": "", "markText": "", "shape": "", "what": "", "repoUrl": "", "credit": "", "chunk": ""}, "date": "2026-10-30", "author": {"name": "Flare Reef watcher", "handle": "", "verified": false}}